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Diversity of actinomycete and their metabolites isolated from Howz Soltan Lake, Iran

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Abstract

Saline environments are largely unexplored sources of actinomycetes with the potential to produce biologically active secondary metabolites. A total of 34 actinomycete isolates from water, sediments and mostly rhizosphere (82%) were collected from different sites at Howz Soltan Lake in Iran. Based on phylogenetic analysis, the isolates belonged to the genera Streptomyces, Nocardia and Saccharomonospora. Cytotoxic assay revealed extract from isolate act9 as the most potent (19.716±5.72 µg/ml) against the MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell. Also, 38% of the isolates showed antimicrobial activity against some of the test microorganisms. The ethyl-acetate extract of isolate act18 showed the strongest antibacterial effect against Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA, and was further analyzed by GC/MS. Ar-tumerone (26.41%) and butyl isodecyl phthalate (21.77 %) were the main constituents detected in the extract. This is the first time Ar-tumerone is being detected in a prokaryote. Isolate act18 showed a high 16S rRNA sequence similarity to that of Streptomyces youssoufiensis DSM 41920. In addition, a number of the isolates produced different enzymes including lipase, amylase, protease, gelatinase, urease and lecithinase. Some of the isolates belonging to the genera Streptomyces and Nocardia exhibited plant growth promoting activity such as increased seed germination, stem length and the number of Echium leaves during the 20 days. Findings from this study indicated the diversity and biosynthetic potential of actinomycetes from saline environment.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during the current study are available from the corresponding author on a reasonable request.

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Acknowledgment

We thank Dr. Hamidreza Jafari for his help in collecting samples. Also, the authors gratefully acknowledge University of Kharazmi for supporting this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, KhU, No. 43. South Mofatteh Ave, P.O. Box, Tehran, 15719-14911, Iran

    E Salehghamari, M Moradi, M Sardabi, SA Etesami, GH Hassani, M Hosseini, F Taheri, Z Eshrati, M Tahmaseb & S Irian

  2. Extremophiles Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Philogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, /University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

    MA Amoozegar

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  1. E Salehghamari
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  2. M Moradi
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Contributions

Salehghamari, Amoozegar and Airian wrote the manuscript. Tahmaseb and Sardabi prepared fig 3, 4 and 6. Eshrati prepared fig 5. Moradi, Etesami and Hassani prepared fig 7. Hosseini and Taheri prepared fig 1 and 2. All authors reviewed the manuscript.

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Correspondence to E Salehghamari.

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Salehghamari, E., Moradi, M., Sardabi, M. et al. Diversity of actinomycete and their metabolites isolated from Howz Soltan Lake, Iran. Arch Microbiol 205, 24 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-022-03364-0

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