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Life Cycle of Pathogenic Protists: Trypanosoma cruzi

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Lifecycles of Pathogenic Protists in Humans

Part of the book series: Microbiology Monographs ((MICROMONO,volume 35))

Abstract

Trypanosoma cruzi is the agent of Chagas disease with a high prevalence in Latin America. This protozoan presents a complex life cycle in the invertebrate (hematophagous triatominae) and the vertebrate hosts. Here we review the most relevant information on essential aspects of maintaining the parasite in vitro (axenic medium and cell cultures) and mammals, describing the most appropriate animal models. The diversity of the parasite is discussed based on biochemical and molecular information. Particular emphasis is given to the structural organization of the various developmental stages of the parasite, putting together morphological, biochemical, and molecular data on structures such as (a) the plasma membrane-cell surface complex, (b) the flagellum (including flagellar membrane, axoneme, paraflagellar rod and adhesion of the flagellum to the cell body), and other structures such as (c) the kinetoplast-mitochondrion complex, (d) the sub-pellicular and cytoplasmic microtubules, (e) endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi complex system, (f) contractile vacuole, (g) acidocalcisomes, (h) the kinetoplast-mitochondrion complex, (i) glycosomes, (j) lipid bodies, (k) P- bodies, (l) the endocytic pathway, (m) the exocytic pathway, including the release of microvesicles and exosomes by the parasite, and (n) the nucleus. Finally, we also analyze the basic information on the process of interaction of T. cruzi with host cells.

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Acknowledgments

The work carried out in the author’s laboratories have been supporte by grants form Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico-CNPq, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos-FINEP, and Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro-FAPERJ.

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  1. Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia-Inmetro, Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brasil

    E. Barrias

  2. Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho-UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

    A. Zuma & W. de Souza

  3. Instituto Nacional de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagens-UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

    W. de Souza

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  1. E. Barrias
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  2. A. Zuma
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  1. Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Wanderley de Souza

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Barrias, E., Zuma, A., de Souza, W. (2022). Life Cycle of Pathogenic Protists: Trypanosoma cruzi. In: de Souza, W. (eds) Lifecycles of Pathogenic Protists in Humans. Microbiology Monographs, vol 35. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80682-8_1

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