Leishmania tropica


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Leishmania

 [lēsh-ma´ne-ah]
a genus of protozoa comprising parasites of worldwide distribution, several species of which are pathogenic for humans. All species are morphologically indistinguishable, and therefore the organisms have usually been assigned to species and subspecies according to their geographic origin, the clinical syndrome they produce, and their ecologic characteristics. They have also been separated based on their tendency to cause visceral, cutaneous, or mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. In some classifications, Leishmania is grouped in four complexes comprising species and subspecies: L. donovani, L. tropica, L. mexicana, and L. viannia.
Life cycle of Leishmania. From Mahon and Manuselis, 2000.
Leishmania brazilien´sis Leishmania viannia.
Leishmania donova´ni donova´ni a subspecies of the L. donovani complex causing the classic form of visceral leishmaniasis in India. It is transmitted by the sandfly Phlebotomus argentipes, with humans being the only major reservoir hosts. Called also L. donovani.
Leishmania ma´jor a species of the L. tropica complex, transmitted by Phlebotomus papatasi, causing the rural form of Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis. Called also L. tropica major.
Leishmania mexica´na a complex comprising the species and subspecies causing the New World form of cutaneous leishmaniasis in humans: L. m. mexicana, L. m. amazonensis, and L. pifanoi.
Leishmania tro´pica
1. a complex comprising the species causing the Old World form of cutaneous leishmaniasis: L. tropica, L. major, and L. aethiopica.
2. a species of the L. tropica complex causing the urban form of Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis. It is found in Iran, Iraq, and India, transmitted by Phlebotomus sergenti; and in southern France, Italy and certain Mediterranean islands, transmitted by P. papatasi. Human to human transmission may also occur.
Leishmania vian´nia a taxonomic complex comprising the subspecies that cause mucocutaneous leishmaniasis in its various forms; all of the subspecies develop in the midgut, foregut, and hindgut of their sandfly vectors. Formerly called L. braziliensis.
Miller-Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine, Nursing, and Allied Health, Seventh Edition. © 2003 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.

Leish·man·i·a tro·pi·ca

species that is the causal agent of anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis; formerly endemic throughout the Mediterranean basin, the Middle East, parts of the Caucasus region and elsewhere in Asia, and also reported from western Africa; it is transmitted by Phlebotomus papatasi, P. sergenti, and related species of sandflies; small rodents such as various ground squirrels serve as reservoir hosts.
Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012

Leishmania tropica

The causative agent of Oriental sore (cutaneous leishmaniasis).
See also: Leishmania
Medical Dictionary, © 2009 Farlex and Partners
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References in periodicals archive ?
Isolation of Leishmania tropica from a patient with visceral leishmaniasis and disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis, southern Iran.
Predominance of Leishmania major and rare occurrence of Leishmania tropica with haplotype variability at the center of Iran
All the test compounds inhibit the growth of Leishmania tropica promastigotes in a dose dependent manner.
Synthesis, Characterization, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Cytotoxic, Anticancer, Leishmanicidal, Anti-inflammatory Activities and Docking Studies of Heterocyclic 1,3,4-oxadiazoles and 4-amino-1,2,4-triazoles Derivatives
Regional genetic differentiation of Phlebotomus sergenti in three Moroccan foci of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania tropica. Parasitology, 11: 189-199.
Molecular and Morphological Identification of Local Sand Fly Species (Diptera: Psychodidae) in Saudi Arabia
Keywords: Leishmania tropica, Melia azedarach, Resistant strain.
Evaluation of Crude Extract of Melia azedarach Linn. Against Attenuated Amphotericin B Resistant Leishmania tropica Strain
sativa against the growth rate of promastigote and intramacrophage amastigote forms of Leishmania tropica and also murine macrophages Chemicals [IC.sub.50] ([micro]g/ml) Promastigotes Amastigotes MA 11.2 [+ or -] 0.57 33.83 [+ or -] 1.52 B.
Evaluation of antileishmanial activity and cytotoxicity of the extracts of Berberis vulgaris and Nigella sativa against Leishmania tropica
Mixed mucosal leishmaniasis infection caused by Leishmania tropica and Leishmania major and brief literature review.
Comparison of Conventional, Molecular, and Immunohistochemical Methods in Diagnosis of Typical and Atypical Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
Samina T., S.Mohsin, Masoom Yasinzai, Abdul Samad, ManzoorIqbalKhatak 2011 Effect of different colours in the visible region on Leishmania tropica doi:10.4236/abb 25055
REVIEW OF A CASE HISTORY OF THE TREATMENT OF CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS BY CHROMOTHERAPY
The identity of the probable vector of Leishmania tropica among rodents in India.
Leishmaniasis in Pak-Afghan Region
Leishmania tropica: quantitation of in vitro activity of antileishmanial agents by Giemsa staining, viability and 3H-formycin B incorporation.
Visceral leishmaniasis: experimental models for drug discovery
And the infected sand flies there are armed with leishmania major parasites more menacing than their counterparts in Iraq, as well as leishmania tropica, a more persistent and hostile species that causes bigger boils.
Sand flies leave US soldiers with AaeBaghdad BoilAAE
In vitro effects of mycophenolic acid and allopurinol against Leishmania tropica in human macrophages.
A review of natural products with antileishmanial activity
Visceral infection caused by Leishmania tropica in veterans of Operation Desert Storm.
Cutaneous leishmaniasis in U.S. military personnel--Southwest/Central Asia, 2002-2003

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