The document summarizes key characteristics and types of organisms in Kingdom Monera. Monera consists of prokaryotic, unicellular organisms that lack membrane-bound organelles and reproduce through binary fission. Archaebacteria and eubacteria are the two main types of bacteria, with archaebacteria able to live in extreme conditions and eubacteria including most decomposer species. Common bacterial structures and processes like the cell wall, flagella, and chemosynthesis are also outlined.
2. Kingdom Monera Characteristics:
5 main characteristics of bacteria:
1. Prokaryotes This is the only prokaryotic kingdom
2. Unicellular
3. No membrane bound organelles in cytoplasm
4. Single circular chromosome
5. Reproduces by binary fission “splitting in two”
3. Diagram of a typical bacterial cell
Pili = for movement
Cell wall = structure,
support, & protection of
bacteria
Cytoplasm = fluid part
around organelles
Ribosome = make proteins
Flagellum = some have
these for movement
Chromosomes = circular
DNA – genetic information
4. Archaebacteria:
Resemble 1st
life forms on earth – primitive
Able to live in extreme conditions = extremophiles
Thermophiles – extreme temperature
Halophiles – very salty
Acidophiles – very acidic
Alkaliphiles – very basic
Methanogens – methane gas
5. Eubacteria:
Largest group of Monerans
Majority of bacteria
Most are decomposers / heterotrophs /
saprophytes
Some photosynthesize like cyanobacteria or
chemosynthesize
6. TED – How Bacteria Talk
http://www.ted.com/talks/bonnie_bassler_on_how_bacteria_communicate
7. Define the following in your own words.
Record into your notes.
Obligate aerobe & give an example
Obligate anaerobe & give an example
Facultative anaerobe
Fermentation
Parasite
Saprophyte
Decomposers
Symbiosis
Photosynthesis
Chemosynthesis
